Glutathione

Glutathione is a potent antioxidant and skin-brightening active widely used in modern skincare. It protects the skin from oxidative stress, supports detoxification, and helps achieve a more even, radiant complexion.

Key Cosmetic Functions

1. Antioxidant Defense: Neutralizes free radicals and protects against UV-induced oxidative stress. Helps maintain cellular redox balance, reducing premature aging.

2. Skin Brightening: Inhibits tyrosinase, the key enzyme in melanin synthesis, reducing dark spots, melasma, and uneven skin tone. Promotes a lighter, more luminous complexion over time.

3. Detoxification Support: Enhances cellular detox pathways and supports tissue repair.

4. Anti-aging & Anti-inflammatory: Protects collagen from oxidative degradation. Reduces inflammation and improves skin resilience.
   Common Applications
   Brightening creams and serums
   Antioxidant face masks
   Under-eye treatments
   Post-peel recovery creams
   Formulation Guidelines
   Typical Use Level: 0.1–2.0% (common cosmetic range)
   Solubility: Water soluble
   Add Phase: Cool-down phase (<40 °C)
   pH Range: 5.0–7.0 (avoid low pH; unstable below 4.5)
   Compatibility: Works synergistically with niacinamide, vitamin C derivatives, kojic dipalmitate, and N-acetyl glucosamine
   Stability Tips: Protect from heat, air, and light; store in opaque containers; can be stabilized with antioxidants such as ascorbyl palmitate or tocopherol.
   Safety Profile
   Non-toxic and non-irritating in topical use. Safe for long-term skin application. May oxidize over time (turning yellowish) — not harmful but indicates reduced activity.