A multifunctional, plant-derived humectant and solvent widely used in cosmetics, personal care, and pharmaceutical formulations—often as a cleaner, skin-friendly alternative to propylene glycol.

INCI name: Propanediol 1,3

Chemical name: 1,3-Propanediol

Source: Usually bio-based (corn sugar fermentation)
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Odorless
Texture: Slightly viscous, non-sticky

Propanediol 1,3 functions in cosmetics:

• Humectant – draws moisture into skin & hair
• Solvent – dissolves actives (salicylic acid, botanical extracts, preservatives)
• Penetration enhancer – improves delivery of actives
• Preservative booster – enhances efficacy of preservatives
• Propylene glycol alternative – gentler and more eco-friendly

Key Functions in Cosmetics

1. Humectant
   Draws moisture into the skin and helps maintain hydration. Lighter than glycerin.

2. Solvent
   Dissolves active ingredients, preservatives such as Liquid Germall Plus, plant extracts, and fragrances.

3. Penetration Enhancer
   Improves absorption of actives into the skin.

4. Viscosity Modifier
   Enhances smoothness and spreadability of formulations.

5. Preservative Booster
   Supports antimicrobial effectiveness in preserved formulas.